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Drug pricing reference countries: 36 in the 2012 decision vs 15 in 2026

21 countries dropped, including India, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan

“The 2012 decision required benchmarking against a list of 36 countries; 22 were removed, including India, the Philippines, Japan, Turkey, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Kuwait, France, the Netherlands, Italy and Switzerland.”

Decision 2012

36

reference countries

Decision 2026

15

countries only

Removed

21

countries dropped

Key countries removed

India Philippines Japan Turkey Morocco Saudi Arabia Jordan Kuwait France Netherlands Italy Switzerland

India — the world’s largest producer of cheap generic drugs — and the Gulf markets were removed, leaving European prices as almost the sole reference point.

Source: Annex to Decision 480 / Lawyer Hani Sameh’s objection — No. 13208432